Hubungan antara Konsumsi Makanan Ultra-Processed Food (UPF) dengan Asupan Zat Besi dan Risiko Anemia: Tinjauan Naratif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62383/ikg.v3i1.2855Keywords:
Anemia, Micronutrients, Nutritional Status, Iron, Ultra-Processed FoodsAbstract
The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been increasing among various age groups, including children and adults. UPF is generally low in iron content and can interfere with iron bioavailability, thereby increasing the risk of anemia. Additionally, the high calorie content of UPF contributes to the development of degenerative diseases. This study aims to analyze the relationship between UPF consumption, iron intake, and the risk of anemia. The study employs a narrative review method. Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases, using controlled terms. The results showed that high UPF consumption had a negative impact on iron intake and increased the risk of anemia. Similar effects were found in high fat and sodium consumption. Some studies showed varying results regarding protein intake, fiber, and micronutrients such as sodium and calcium. In general, it can be concluded that excessive UPF consumption negatively impacts the quality of nutrient intake, both macro and micro, and contributes to the occurrence of anemia. These findings highlight the need for public health strategies to limit UPF consumption, particularly among vulnerable populations, as a preventive effort against anemia.
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